Thoracic Disk Herniations (Chest Spine Herniations)

Thoracic disk herniation is a rare disk condition caused by displacement or rupture of the disks in the thoracic (chest) region of the spine. It occurs much less frequently compared to the lumbar (lower back) and cervical (neck) regions (approximately 1-2% of all disk herniations).

Causes

• Degenerative disk disease (age-related wear and tear)

• Trauma (falls, traffic accidents)

• Spinal deformities such as scoliosis

• Heavy lifting, repetitive strain

Symptoms

Symptoms may vary depending on pressure of the herniated disk on the spinal cord or nerve roots:

• Back pain (most common symptom)

• Band-like pain around the chest (thoracic radiculopathy)

• Numbness, tingling, weakness in the lower extremities

• Gait disturbances (if myelopathy is present)

• Loss of bladder/bowel control (sign of advanced myelopathy – may require urgent surgery)

Diagnostic Methods

• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Detailed imaging of the spinal cord and disk structures

• Computed Tomography (CT): Evaluation of bony structures

• Neurophysiological tests (EMG, SEP): To assess nerve conduction

Treatment

Conservative (Non-surgical):

• Medication (painkillers, muscle relaxants)

• Physical therapy and exercises

• Epidural steroid injections (in selected cases)

Surgical Treatment:

• Surgery may be necessary if neurological deficits or myelopathy develop

• Thoracic discectomy: Removal of the herniated disk

• Microsurgical or endoscopic methods: Less invasive options

Prognosis

• Asymptomatic thoracic herniations are usually monitored

• Good outcomes can be achieved with early surgical intervention if neurological symptoms develop

Although rare, thoracic disk herniations require careful evaluation because they can cause serious spinal cord compression. I am always here to provide detailed information if needed.